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Preparation of Artwork for Submission to UW Press
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Using Illustrations in UW Press Journal Articles
Submit photocopies or laserprints of all proposed illustrations for purposes of initial manuscript evaluation. These should be consecutively numbered and accompanied by a separate list of fully descriptive captions and or information about format, etc. When a manuscript is accepted for publication, the editors may reduce the overall number of illustrations, and choose instead representative images that illustrate key points. The editors will request original versions of all approved artwork, and reserve the right to reject any illustration that does not meet quality standards. Since the Press cannot begin typesetting an article until all illustrations are in hand and approved, all original illustrations must accompany the final manuscript submitted to the editorial offices. Delays may bump publication of an article to a future issue.
Scanning Existing Art
We ask that contributors please not supply images that they have scanned (please see Guidelines for Illustration Submissions). Our printer can scan your original illustrations to the professional standards and exacting parameters for their specific type of printing presses. This will ensure optimum reproduction quality, a goal shared by authors, journal editors, and the University Press.
Digital Cameras
Publication-quality images require the use of cameras with a minimum of at least 3 megapixels, and the camera should be set to utilize its maximum resolution capability. Poor quality images from digital cameras displaying insufficient resolution and tonal values cannot be accepted.
Digital Photographic Images
If a particular photographic or other continuous tone image (such as a sketch or drawing with lots of shading) can only be supplied digitally, it must be scanned (or produced) as a 300 dpi 8-bit grayscale image at the likely final reproduction size at which it will appear in the Journal, and saved as a TIF file (please see Guidelines for Illustration Submissions). If you have a color digital file, print it out on a monochrome laser printer first to get an idea how the image will translate into black & white, and how much image fidelity will be lost in the translation. Please convert any RGB or CMYK mode files to grayscale before submitting the file to us. Use a file naming convention that matches your illustration numbering (Jones_Fig_3.tif). A printout of the digital image must accompany the submitted TIF file.
Digital Line Art
If a particular line art illustration can only be supplied digitally, it must be scanned (or produced) as 600 dpi line art at the likely final size at which it will appear in the Journal, and saved as a grayscale TIF file (please see Guidelines for Illustration Submissions). It is preferable to produce the art in a vector-based program such as Adobe Illustrator, FreeHand, Corel, etc, save the art as an EPS file. If type is included in the artwork, you MUST use the software's "convert to paths" or "create outlines" feature to avoid the need to send all fonts with the illustration. Flatten image layers before finalizing the illustration. Use a file naming convention that matches your illustration numbering (Jones_Fig_2.eps). A printout of the digital image must accompany the submitted EPS file.
Reflective Photographic Prints
Submit sharp 5" x 7" or 8" x 10" black & white glossy photographic prints or transparencies/slides with good contrast and a range of tonal values. Your recommended cropping of a photo should be indicated on the accompanying set of photocopies. Original photographs, slides, and photos from archival sources will ensure optimum quality in the final printed article. Photographs of previously printed materials (e.g., from any book) and scans from book pages are not recommended unless there truly is no alternative. Negatives are unacceptable. Do not send scans of slides; send only the original slides—they will be returned. Do not send inkjet printouts as final artwork, no matter how high the resolution. Be aware when submitting color photographs or slides for reproduction in black & white that translation often results in appreciable loss of image fidelity (for a quick check of how color might translate into B&W, photocopy your color artwork and see what happens to the greens and reds in the monochromatic world).
Reflective Line Art
Line art consists of a black on white illustration containing no shades of gray or tonal variation. Maps, charts, graphs, and diagrams frequently fall into this category. Submit clean black on white prints of your prepared artwork at the likely size at which it will appear in the Journal. On line art such as maps or bar charts, shading with screen tints should not be used (they do not reproduce well). If there is text on your line art, such as place names or other identifiers, ensure that the type will be legible if reduction will be needed to make the illustration fit the Journal page (you can use a reducing copy machine to get an idea of how things will look at a smaller size). Maps and other complex line art should be prepared by a cartographer, graphic artist, or professional drafter.
Architectural and GIS Images
Authors using geospatial applications to produce architectural renderings, composite map images, orthophotos, digital elevation and terrain models, 3D visualizations, etc., should supply a hardcopy printout of the final illustration, but also provide the computer file. Layouts from programs like AutoCAD, ArcView, and ArcGIS should be saved or exported in TIF or EPS file format (please see Guidelines for Illustration Submissions).
Illustration Permissions
Contributors need to obtain written permission to use any illustration that is copyrighted, has been obtained from an archival source, or has been scanned or photographed from an existing copyrighted publication (a bad idea from a quality standpoint-see "moiré pattern" in Guidelines for Illustration Submissions). Permission must be obtained before the Journal can consider including such illustrations in any article. Parties granting permission will normally indicate the exact wording of the required credit line, and this should be included with an illustration's descriptive caption. Please consult with the editors in advance concerning questions of rights and permissions. For questions about artwork permissions, "fair use," public domain, etc., feel free to contact the UW Press Rights and Permissions Editor at 608 263-1131, permissions@wwwtest.uwpress.wisc.edu.
Color
Most UW Press journals do not print in full color as it is enormously expensive to do so. Only in special circumstances will some of our journals consider publishing color images, and the editors and publisher will most likely require subvention from contributors to cover the additional expense of four-color printing. Should your manuscript be approved for limited color treatment, these images may not be submitted in any digital format whatsoever. Instead, plan to submit original transparencies/slides (our preference), or color photographic prints. Negatives are unacceptable.
Guidelines for Illustration Submissions
Inexpensive home/office scanners are a lot of fun for general purposes. But image scanning for professional publishing is altogether another matter. It is a marriage of art and science filled with technical complexities that require a thorough understanding of the convoluted relationship between resolution, the number of pixels an image contains, and the physical size of an image; and:
• grayscale bit depth
• scanner sampling rates
• clipping paths
• histograms
• unsharp masking
• image flattening
• RGB v. CMYK color space
Our printer's prepress department has the skilled operators and professional-grade equipment to expertly handle all scanning needs.
Moiré Patterns result when an image from a printed book (or magazine, or newspaper) is reused and as a consequence re-screened. The pattern looks like a veil of fabric superimposed on the image. In some cases it can make the image unusable. The process of scanning previously screened art is very difficult and we recommend shipping us the original so we can produce the best possible results. Of course original continuous tone photo prints will avoid this moire problem, so these are highly recommended whenever possible.
Graphic File Formats:
TIF (TIFF)—This format preserves all of an image's data; no image quality is lost to compression. The preferred file format for photographs or other continuous tone images.
EPS (Encapsulated Postscript)—This is the file format to use for line illustrations produced in vector-based illustration software such as Adobe Illustrator. This format preserves all original illustration data, and is very flexible for resizing without losing image quality. When using this format convert all type to paths before submitting. Doing so will ensure proper reproduction of your fonts used in the illustration.
JPG (or JPEG)—This format reduces the file size a great deal, but in the process of compression, image integrity can be irretrievably lost. If you use this format, set the quality to maximum. This format is NOT SUGGESTED.
PDF (Adobe Acrobat)—This compressed file format was developed to make complex typeset files containing text and images (like a newsletter) readable by all computer platforms, and for posting to web sites for easy downloading. This format is recommended for advertising art submissions. Just make sure that you embed all fonts used and do not downsample images below 300 dpi. The easiest way to accomplish this is to print or export a "Press Quality" pdf.
DOC (Microsoft Word)—Microsoft Word is a very robust and useful word processor. Unfortunately Word does not support graphic formats for use in publishing. Though Word is fine for copy submissions, DO NOT use it for layouts, ads, charts, or heavily formatted or graphic laden content.
PPT or PPS (PowerPoint)—We DO NOT accept any data in this format.
XLS (Microsoft Excel)—Microsoft Excel does not store charts or graphs in a manner that enables us to extract them for use in publishing. Please DO NOT use this format for art submissions.
Technical questions?
In addition to consulting with the journal’s editorial offices, authors are encouraged to call or e-mail the University Press anytime for guidance concerning use of illustrations:
Technical matters
Susan Kau
608 263-0669
szkau@wisc.edu
Toni Gunnison
608 263-0753
gunnison@wisc.edu
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